According to WHO, the number of women who died of breast cancer in 2018 alone was 62,700.
On hearing the name of a disease like cancer, a fear sits in the mind of 9 out of 10 people. Today people are falling prey to this disease due to changing lifestyle, food habits and many other reasons. Most people battling cancer already accept that the lines of their life are over. Although in reality it is not like this at all. World Cancer Day is celebrated every year on 4 February to bring awareness among people about cancer. There are many types of cancer. One of these is breast cancer. According to the World Health Organization, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. According to statistics, every year more than 2.1 million women are affected by breast cancer worldwide.
What is breast cancer?
Breast cancer starts in the breast of women. According to the doctor, breast cancer starts when the cells of the breast start growing excessively. Breast cancer cells form a tumor that can be seen on an X-ray or you can feel it as a lump.
Breast cancer symptoms
Common symptoms of breast cancer include the following
• Lump or thickening in the breast
• Changes in the size, shape and appearance of the breast
• Swelling near the breasts
• Reddening or bleeding nipples
• If a woman sees symptoms like changes in the skin above the breast, then these can be signs of breast cancer.
What are the causes of breast cancer?
Breast cancer is also hereditary, that is, if there has been any breast cancer in the family before, then it is more likely to happen. Apart from this, due to poor lifestyle, alcohol consumption, smoking, weight gain, stress and not eating nutritious food, the symptoms of breast cancer can also develop in the body. The doctor says that due to today's lifestyle, even at a young age, women are facing diseases like breast cancer.
How is breast cancer diagnosed?
The mammograms are also done to detect the early stage of breast cancer, but a biopsy is required to diagnose the condition correctly. A biopsy can be used to confirm whether cancer cells are present in the breast. Biopsy is done in different ways.
fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)
This is the most common test done to detect breast cancer. In this, a needle is inserted inside the lump and cells are extracted from it, which are then tested.
True-Cut Needle Biopsy
It is an alternative to FNAC. It can be done either with or without ultrasound. A better result comes from this biopsy.
Both these biopsies help in understanding cancer. The pain during this can be tolerated and it takes a maximum of 15 minutes. After biopsy, eating only one tablet ends the pain and sometimes even a tablet is not required. The stage and category of breast cancer cases in India are more as compared to other countries due to many misconceptions among the general public. There is a lack of awareness about chemotherapy or other techniques due to which they are not able to get treatment on time.
Which surgery is done to get rid of breast cancer?
Many surgeries are done to provide relief to the patient from breast cancer. Breast cancer surgery depends on the condition of the patient and the stage of cancer. Breast cancer is treated with the following surgeries:
radiotherapy
chemotherapy
hormone therapy
Biological therapy (targeted therapy) is done.
In some cases, more than one of these procedures is also used to cure breast cancer.
Can cancer spread from the breast to other parts as well?
The doctor says that the chances of breast cancer cells spreading to the rest of the body are very high. If breast cancer cells spread to the rest of the body, then in this situation 2 types of surgery are done.
1. Breast Conserving Surgery and
2. Mastectomy surgery.
Let's know about these two.
breast conserving surgery
In this process, the tumor present inside the breast is removed, but the size of the tumor, its type, its quantity, all these things, the surgery is done. This involves lumpectomy (removing the tumor along with some tissue around it) or partial mastectomy surgery. In some cases, radiotherapy is also done after surgery to kill the remaining cancer cells.
mastectomy
In this procedure, the entire breast is separated from the body. Not only this, after this reconstructive surgery is done to enhance the shape instead of breast. In some cases, both these procedures are done at the same time, but many times the reconstruction is done later. In this either breast implant is done or some other part of the body is used to create breast.
Doctors say that with time the treatment of breast cancer surgery has become very easy. With the help of new technology, gadgets, the battle of breast cancer can be won.
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